{"id":30,"date":"2014-03-13T14:21:20","date_gmt":"2014-03-13T12:21:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bascongada.eus\/xavier-maria-de-munibe-and-idiaquez-viii-count-of-penaflorida\/"},"modified":"2014-03-13T14:21:20","modified_gmt":"2014-03-13T12:21:20","slug":"xavier-maria-de-munibe-and-idiaquez-viii-count-of-penaflorida","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bascongada.eus\/en\/en-the-society\/en-history\/en-historical-personage\/xavier-maria-de-munibe-and-idiaquez-viii-count-of-penaflorida\/","title":{"rendered":"Xavier Mar\u00eda de Munibe and Idi\u00e1quez , VIII Count of Pe\u00f1aflorida"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>(Azkoitia, 1729 &#8211; Bergara, 1785)<\/strong><br \/><strong>First Lifetime Director (1765-1785) of the Royal Basque Society of the Friends of the Country.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A key figure to understanding the roots and development of Basque Enlightenment in the second half of the eighteenth century as he was the main proponent and alma mater of Royal Basque Society, founded on Christmas Eve 1764 in Insausti Palace, Azkoitia and approved by Royal Decree, 8th April 1765. His time spent at the Jesuit College in Toulouse and being in direct contact with the French culture of the time where he learned about the associative models of the Enlightenment developed in Europe, in particular, the academic societies and agricultural societies, was crucial to his education. In addition to this Francophile education, immersed with Enlightenment encyclopaedism, we have to add his concerns in the field of experimental physics and theatre, which led him to organise the &#8220;academic assemblies&#8221; in Azkoitia as referred to by Narros, characterised by the development of an enlightened approach of the expectations of a group of novatores.<\/p>\n<p>His sojourn in Madrid (1758-1762) as deputy to the Court of the province of Gipuzkoa, in the company of his brother Mart\u00edn Jos\u00e9 de Ar\u00e9izaga was crucial to the progressive development of the Enlightenment. Through his dealings with compatriots such as Tiburcio de Aguirre (1707-1767), Agust\u00edn de Montiano (1697-1764) and Francisco Javier de Aguirre (1732-1763), the Fourth Marquis of Montehermoso, he had the opportunity of experiencing the Bourbon reform initiatives firsthand and coming into contact with the Enlightened Academic Art. He wrote in collaboration with Joaquin Egu\u00eda and perhaps with Manuel Ignacio de Altuna y Portu (1722-1762) Los aldeanos cr\u00edticos, o cartas cr\u00edticas sobre lo que se ver\u00e1 (1758), a satirical essay in response to criticism expressed by Father Francisco de Isla against experimental science in his highly renowned Fray Gerundio de Campazas (1758).<\/p>\n<p>This rich backdrop prompted a Plan for an economic or academic society of agriculture, science and useful arts and commerce, presented at the Juntas Generales (General Assemblies, equivalent to the Basque Parliament) in Gipuzkoa in 1763, immediate precursor, albeit more limited, of the founding of the Royal Basque Society of the Friends of the Country. One of his greatest achievements was without doubt the opening of the Royal Seminary of Bergara.<\/p>\n<p>Like his ancestors, the 8th Count of Pe\u00f1aflorida was actively involved in the politics of his time, being mayor of Azkoitia (1747-1748, 1755 and 1765), deputy member (1746, 1750, 1754, 1758 and 1761) and member of the Court (1758) in Gipuzkoa.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>\n <o:OfficeDocumentSettings>\n  <o:AllowPNG\/>\n  <o:TargetScreenSize>1024x768<\/o:TargetScreenSize>\n <\/o:OfficeDocumentSettings>\n<\/xml><![endif]--><\/p>\n<p><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>\n <w:WordDocument>\n  <w:View>Normal<\/w:View>\n  <w:Zoom>0<\/w:Zoom>\n  <w:HyphenationZone>21<\/w:HyphenationZone>\n  <w:PunctuationKerning\/>\n  <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas\/>\n  <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false<\/w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>\n  <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false<\/w:IgnoreMixedContent>\n  <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false<\/w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>\n  <w:Compatibility>\n   <w:BreakWrappedTables\/>\n   <w:SnapToGridInCell\/>\n   <w:WrapTextWithPunct\/>\n   <w:UseAsianBreakRules\/>\n   <w:DontGrowAutofit\/>\n  <\/w:Compatibility>\n <\/w:WordDocument>\n<\/xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>\n <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState=\"false\" LatentStyleCount=\"156\">\n <\/w:LatentStyles>\n<\/xml><![endif]--><!--[if !mso]><object \nclassid=\"clsid:38481807-CA0E-42D2-BF39-B33AF135CC4D\" id=ieooui><\/object>\n\n<![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>\n\n<![endif]--><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>(Azkoitia, 1729 &#8211; Bergara, 1785)<\/strong><br \/><strong>First Lifetime Director (1765-1785) of the Royal Basque Society of the Friends of the Country.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A key figure to understanding the roots and development of Basque Enlightenment in the second half of the eighteenth century as he was the main proponent and alma mater of Royal Basque Society, founded on Christmas Eve 1764 in Insausti Palace, Azkoitia and approved by Royal Decree, 8th April 1765. His time spent at the Jesuit College in Toulouse and being in direct contact with the French culture of the time where he learned about the associative models of the Enlightenment developed in Europe, in particular, the academic societies and agricultural societies, was crucial to his education. In addition to this Francophile education, immersed with Enlightenment encyclopaedism, we have to add his concerns in the field of experimental physics and theatre, which led him to organise the &#8220;academic assemblies&#8221; in Azkoitia as referred to by Narros, characterised by the development of an enlightened approach of the expectations of a group of novatores.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":28,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-en-historical-personage"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Xavier Mar\u00eda de Munibe and Idi\u00e1quez , VIII Count of Pe\u00f1aflorida - Real Sociedad Bascongada de los Amigos del Pa\u00eds<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bascongada.eus\/en\/en-the-society\/en-history\/en-historical-personage\/xavier-maria-de-munibe-and-idiaquez-viii-count-of-penaflorida\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Xavier Mar\u00eda de Munibe and Idi\u00e1quez , VIII Count of Pe\u00f1aflorida - Real Sociedad Bascongada de los Amigos del Pa\u00eds\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"(Azkoitia, 1729 - Bergara, 1785)First Lifetime Director (1765-1785) of the Royal Basque Society of the Friends of the Country. A key figure to understanding the roots and development of Basque Enlightenment in the second half of the eighteenth century as he was the main proponent and alma mater of Royal Basque Society, founded on Christmas Eve 1764 in Insausti Palace, Azkoitia and approved by Royal Decree, 8th April 1765. His time spent at the Jesuit College in Toulouse and being in direct contact with the French culture of the time where he learned about the associative models of the Enlightenment developed in Europe, in particular, the academic societies and agricultural societies, was crucial to his education. In addition to this Francophile education, immersed with Enlightenment encyclopaedism, we have to add his concerns in the field of experimental physics and theatre, which led him to organise the &quot;academic assemblies&quot; in Azkoitia as referred to by Narros, characterised by the development of an enlightened approach of the expectations of a group of novatores.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/bascongada.eus\/en\/en-the-society\/en-history\/en-historical-personage\/xavier-maria-de-munibe-and-idiaquez-viii-count-of-penaflorida\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Real Sociedad Bascongada de los Amigos del Pa\u00eds\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2014-03-13T12:21:20+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/bascongada.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/03\/peaflorida.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"300\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"400\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Super User\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Super User\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bascongada.eus\\\/en\\\/en-the-society\\\/en-history\\\/en-historical-personage\\\/xavier-maria-de-munibe-and-idiaquez-viii-count-of-penaflorida\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bascongada.eus\\\/en\\\/en-the-society\\\/en-history\\\/en-historical-personage\\\/xavier-maria-de-munibe-and-idiaquez-viii-count-of-penaflorida\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Super User\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bascongada.eus\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/217e3b3a0a9e476f970c405b6f5769c9\"},\"headline\":\"Xavier Mar\u00eda de Munibe and Idi\u00e1quez , VIII Count of Pe\u00f1aflorida\",\"datePublished\":\"2014-03-13T12:21:20+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bascongada.eus\\\/en\\\/en-the-society\\\/en-history\\\/en-historical-personage\\\/xavier-maria-de-munibe-and-idiaquez-viii-count-of-penaflorida\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":424,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bascongada.eus\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bascongada.eus\\\/en\\\/en-the-society\\\/en-history\\\/en-historical-personage\\\/xavier-maria-de-munibe-and-idiaquez-viii-count-of-penaflorida\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bascongada.eus\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2014\\\/03\\\/peaflorida.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Historical personage\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bascongada.eus\\\/en\\\/en-the-society\\\/en-history\\\/en-historical-personage\\\/xavier-maria-de-munibe-and-idiaquez-viii-count-of-penaflorida\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bascongada.eus\\\/en\\\/en-the-society\\\/en-history\\\/en-historical-personage\\\/xavier-maria-de-munibe-and-idiaquez-viii-count-of-penaflorida\\\/\",\"name\":\"Xavier Mar\u00eda de Munibe and Idi\u00e1quez , VIII Count of Pe\u00f1aflorida - 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A key figure to understanding the roots and development of Basque Enlightenment in the second half of the eighteenth century as he was the main proponent and alma mater of Royal Basque Society, founded on Christmas Eve 1764 in Insausti Palace, Azkoitia and approved by Royal Decree, 8th April 1765. His time spent at the Jesuit College in Toulouse and being in direct contact with the French culture of the time where he learned about the associative models of the Enlightenment developed in Europe, in particular, the academic societies and agricultural societies, was crucial to his education. 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